The emerald ash borer (EAB, Agrilus planipennis), an ash-tree wood-boring beetle, has caused widespread mortality of ash. Asian ash, which coevolved with EAB, is considered more resistant than its North AmericanEuropean congeners. Although some compoundsproteins related to resistance to EAB have been identified, the underlying ash resistance mechanism to EAB still needs further study. The Asian ash species, Fraxinus chinensis var. rhynchophylla, is highly resistant to EAB. In this study, metabolictranscriptional profiling of the phloem of this species was investigated,differentially expressed metabolitesgenes were analyzed by comparing them with those of the susceptible F. pennsylvanica. Four hundredtwenty-eight metabolites were detected in both species,several coumarinslignans, which were exclusive to F. chinensis var. rhynchophylla, were identified. Compared with susceptible F. pennsylvanica, genes related to phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, ethylene (ET),jasmonic acid (JA) biosynthesissignaling in F. chinensis var. rhynchophylla were found to be up-regulated. It was hypothesized that coumarins, lignans,ETJA signaling might contribute to greater resistance to EAB in F. chinensis var. rhynchophylla. This study suggests candidate metabolitesgenes for biomarker development in future ash-breeding programs.